SEM-EDX essential maps obtained from ( A good ) wing blood vessels on the wasp, FUM-N-11263, and you may ( B ) thorax of the damselfly, FUM-N-10904. C, carbon (red); Ca, calcium supplements (blue); Fe, metal (orange); Mg, magnesium (cyan); O, clean air (purple); S, sulfur (yellow); Lorsque, silicone polymer (green).
( An effective – D ) Negative ion images representing ( An excellent ) silica, ( B ) eumelanin and you can ( C ) iron oxide/sulfate, also ( D ) a keen overlay visualize where silica try exhibited in red-colored, eumelanin inside environmentally friendly and you can iron-oxide/sulfate from inside the blue. ( E ) Bad ion spectra out of ROIs representing areas with a high rule strength from sediment-related ions (red; top) and eumelanin-associated ions (green; bottom), respectively.
Conceptual
FUM-N-17627 (Coleoptera). ( An excellent ) The brand new fossil elytra in dorsal glance at prior to sampling, displaying a weak steel shine below old-fashioned white. ( B ) Higher magnification of the black number on the area demarcated into the ( Good ). ( C ) SEM micrograph of outside (outer) body of your own elytra. Notice hexagonal patterning and desiccation cracks. ( D , Age ) SEM micrographs of the smooth inner facial skin of your elytra. Notice hexagonally build imprints about sedimentary matrix surrounding the newest fossil count. ( F ) SEM micrograph appearing a part from predominantly amorphous cuticular matrix. Notice narrow levels along side additional margin of your own elytra (indicated by an arrow). ( Grams ) TEM micrograph depicting a straight section from the elytra. Notice largely amorphous interior save your self having slim subvertical rifts (white arrows) and you can five electron-thick levels one to option having leaner, electron-transparent rings (black arrow). ( H ) Large magnification of the narrow formations (light arrow) and you can epicuticular adding (black colored arrow). ( We ) TEM micrograph showing undulating, electron-lucent fibrillar nanostructures (arrows) in the or even largely homogenous cuticular matrix. ( J , K ) Highest magnification of your own structures represented when you look at the ( I ) appearing personal filaments. ( L – Letter ) SEM micrographs portraying stays out of putative seta, sensilla otherwise microtrichia-including enjoys. ( O ) SEM micrograph proving both nutrient stages recognized in direct association into elytra. The new fine texturing that have distinct polygonal imprints of calcium supplements-steeped phase (white arrow) is obviously distinguishable about way more rough-grained metal-steeped and silicone polymer-steeped stage (black colored arrow).
Simple Summation
SEM-EDX elemental charts extracted from the fresh traditional beetle elytra (FUM-N-17627). C, carbon ( yellow ); California, calcium supplements ( bluish ); Fe, metal ( orange ); Milligrams, magnesium ( cyan ); O, oxygen ( purple ); S, sulfur ( purple ); Au moment ou, silicone polymer ( environmentally friendly ).
ToF-SIMS characterization of fossil beetle elytra (FUM-N-17627). ( A great – D ) Negative ion images symbolizing ( An excellent ) silica, ( B ) eumelanin and you will ( C ) natural sulfur, plus ( D ) a keen overlay image in which silica is actually portrayed in red, eumelanin in environmentally friendly and you can normal sulfur for the blue. ( Age ) Bad ion spectra extracted from chosen ROIs you to definitely match https://hookupwebsites.org/shagle-review/ the new eco-friendly (eumelanin) and you may red-colored (silica) parts from inside the ( D ), respectively, in which the spectrum in the environmentally friendly town are compared against reference spectra regarding synthetic and you can sheer eumelanin requirements. Brand new range about purple town shows brand new age group away from combined cluster ions of silica and iron-oxide. ( F – I ) Self-confident ion photographs symbolizing ( F ) the fresh new blended silica/iron-oxide phase, ( Grams ) Ca-who has natural buildings and you may ( H ) calcite, and additionally ( We ) a keen overlay image in which silica/iron-oxide is represented inside yellow together with California-that has had organics was green and calcite is within blue. ( J ) Self-confident ion spectra regarding the yellow, environmentally friendly and you may blue components into the ( We ). The fresh new spectrum about blue area are compared to a reference spectral range of calcite.